Linux手册页第1节

asn1parse, ca, ciphers, cmp, cms, crl, crl2pkcs7, dgst, dhparam, dsa, dsaparam, ec, ecparam, enc, engine, errstr, gendsa, genpkey, genrsa, info, kdf, mac, nseq, ocsp, passwd, pkcs12, pkcs7, pkcs8, pkey, pkeyparam, pkeyutl, prime, rand, rehash, req, rsa, rsautl, s_client, s_server, s_time, sess_id, smime, speed, spkac, srp, storeutl, ts, verify, version, x509 - OpenSSL application commands

at, batch, atq, atrm - 排队、检查或删除以后要执行的作业。

gawk - pattern scanning and processing language

b2sum - 计算并校验 BLAKE2 信息摘要

base32 - 以 base32 方式对数据编码/解码并输出到标准输出

base64 - 以 base64 方式对数据编码/解码并输出到标准输出

basename - 去除文件名中的目录与后缀

basenc - 编码/解码数据并输出至标准输出

bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell (GNU 命令解释程序 "Bourne二世")

bashbug - report a bug in bash

bcomps - biconnected components filter for graphs

bootctl - 控制 systemd-boot 引导管理器

busctl - 内省与监视 D-Bus 总线

bzcmp, bzdiff - compare bzip2 compressed files

bzgrep, bzfgrep, bzegrep - search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression

bzexe - compress executable files in place

bzgrep, bzfgrep, bzegrep - search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression

bzmore, bzless - file perusal filter for crt viewing of bzip2 compressed text

c++filt - demangle C++ and Java symbols

c89 - ANSI (1989) C compiler

c99 - ANSI (1999) C compiler

openssl-rehash, c_rehash - Create symbolic links to files named by the hash values

cal, ncal - 显示一个日历

cat - 连接文件并在标准输出上输出

ccomps - connected components filter for graphs

chage - 更改用户密码过期信息

chattr - 修改 Linux 文件系统中的文件属性

choom - display and adjust OOM-killer score.

chown - 更改文件属主与属组

chroot - 以特定根目录运行命令或者交互式 shell

chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process

chsh - 更改登录 shell

chvt - 修改虚拟终端的前台环境

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

cksum - 显示文件校验和并计数其字节数

cluster - find clusters in a graph and augment the graph with this information.

clusterdb - 对一个PostgreSQL数据库进行建簇

cmp - compare two files byte by byte

col - 过滤掉输入中的反向换行符

colcrt - filter nroff output for CRT previewing

colrm - remove columns from a file

column - columnate lists

comm - 按行比较两个已排序的文件

corelist - a commandline frontend to Module::CoreList

cp - 复制文件和目录

cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line

cpio - 存取归档包中的文件

createdb - 创建一个新的 PostgreSQL 数据库

createlang - 定义一种新的 PostgreSQL 过程语言

createuser - 定义一个新的 PostgreSQL 用户帐户

crontab - maintain crontab files for individual users (Vixie Cron)

csplit - split a file into sections determined by context lines

curl - transfer a URL

cut - 从文件的每一行中移除某些段

date - 输出或设置系统日期与时间

dbus-cleanup-sockets - clean up leftover sockets in a directory

dbus-daemon - Message bus daemon

dbus-monitor - debug probe to print message bus messages

dbus-run-session - start a process as a new D-Bus session

dbus-send - Send a message to a message bus

dbus-update-activation-environment - update environment used for D-Bus session services

dbus-uuidgen - Utility to generate UUIDs

dd - 转换和拷贝文件

deallocvt - 释放未使用的虚拟终端

deb-systemd-helper - subset of systemctl for machines not running systemd

deb-systemd-invoke - wrapper around systemctl, respecting policy-rc.d

debconf-apt-progress - install packages using debconf to display a progress bar

debconf-communicate - communicate with debconf

debconf-copydb - copy a debconf database

debconf-escape - helper when working with debconf's escape capability

debconf-set-selections - insert new values into the debconf database

debconf-show - query the debconf database

debconf - run a debconf-using program

delaunay - constructs the constrained Delaunay triangulation of the input

df - 报告文件系统空间使用情况

dh_perl_openssl - add dependencies required for OpenSSL modules

diff - 找出两个文件的不同点

diff3 - compare three files line by line

diffimg - Calculates intersection between two images

dijkstra - single-source distance filter for Graphviz

dir - list directory contents

dircolors - 设置`ls'显示结果的颜色

dircolors - 为 ls 设置颜色

dirname - 去除文件名的最后一个组成部分

dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer

hostname - 显示或设置系统的主机名

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

gxl2gv,gv2gxl - GXL-GV converters

dotlockfile - Utility to manage lockfiles

dotty - A Customizable Graph Editor

dpkg-architecture - set and determine the architecture for package building

dpkg-buildflags - returns build flags to use during package build

dpkg-buildpackage - build binary or source packages from sources

dpkg-checkbuilddeps - check build dependencies and conflicts

dpkg-deb - Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool

dpkg-distaddfile - add entries to debian/files

dpkg-divert - override a package's version of a file

dpkg-genbuildinfo - generate Debian .buildinfo files

dpkg-genchanges - generate Debian .changes files

dpkg-gencontrol - generate Debian control files

dpkg-gensymbols - generate symbols files (shared library dependency information)

dpkg-maintscript-helper - works around known dpkg limitations in maintainer scripts

dpkg-mergechangelogs - 3-way merge of debian/changelog files

dpkg-name - rename Debian packages to full package names

dpkg-parsechangelog - parse Debian changelog files

dpkg-query - a tool to query the dpkg database

dpkg-realpath - print the resolved pathname with DPKG_ROOT support

dpkg-scanpackages - create Packages index files

dpkg-scansources - create Sources index files

dpkg-shlibdeps - generate shared library substvar dependencies

dpkg-source - Debian source package (.dsc) manipulation tool

dpkg-split - Debian package archive split/join tool

dpkg-statoverride - override ownership and mode of files

dpkg-trigger - a package trigger utility

dpkg-vendor - queries information about distribution vendors

dpkg - package manager for Debian

dropdb - 删除一个现有 PostgreSQL 数据库

droplang - 删除一种 PostgreSQL 过程语言

dropuser - 删除一个 PostgreSQL 用户帐户

du - 估计磁盘文件使用量

dumpkeys - 转储显示键盘翻译表

dwp - The DWARF packaging utility

echo - 显示一行文本

echo_supervisord_conf - Supervisor Configuration Documentation

ecpg - 嵌入的 SQL C 预处理器

edgepaint - edge coloring to disambiguate crossing edges

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

editres - a dynamic resource editor for X Toolkit applications

grep, egrep, fgrep - 打印匹配给定模式的行

eject - 弹出可移动介质

elfedit - update ELF header and program property of ELF files

emacs - GNU Emacs

enc2xs -- Perl Encode Module Generator

encguess - guess character encodings of files

env - 在重建的环境中运行程序

eqn - format equations for troff or MathML

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

expand - 将制表符转换为空格

expiry - check and enforce password expiration policy

expr - 对表达式求值

factor - 求质因数分解

faked - daemon that remembers fake ownership/permissions of files manipulated by fakeroot processes.

fakeroot - run a command in an environment faking root privileges for file manipulation

fallocate - preallocate or deallocate space to a file

false - （失败地）什么都不做

fc-cache - build font information cache files

fc-cat - read font information cache files

fc-conflist - list the configuration files processed by Fontconfig

fc-list - list available fonts

fc-match - match available fonts

fc-pattern - parse and show pattern

fc-query - query font files

fc-scan - scan font files or directories

fc-validate - validate font files

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

grep, egrep, fgrep - 打印匹配给定模式的行

file - 确定文件类型

fincore - count pages of file contents in core

find - 递归地在层次目录中处理文件

findsmb - 列出在子网上响应SMB名称查询的主机信息

flock - manage locks from shell scripts

fmt - 简单的文本优化格式化工具

fold - 对每个输入行进行折叠以适应指定宽度

free - 显示系统中已用和未用的内存空间总和.

funzip - filter for extracting from a ZIP archive in a pipe

fuser - identify processes using files or sockets

gawk - pattern scanning and processing language

gawkbug - report a bug in gawk

gc - count graph components

gcc-ar - a wrapper around ar adding the --plugin option

gcc-nm - a wrapper around nm adding the --plugin option

gcc-ranlib - a wrapper around ranlib adding the --plugin option

gdk-pixbuf-csource

gdk-pixbuf-pixdata - GDK Pixbuf library

gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders

gencat - Generate message catalog

eqn - format equations for troff or MathML

getconf - Query system configuration variables

getent - get entries from Name Service Switch libraries

getopt - parse command options (enhanced)

make - GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs

gml2gv,gv2gml - GML-DOT converters

nroff - 用 groff 模拟 nroff 命令

gold - The GNU ELF linker

gp-archive - archive gprofng experiment data

gp-collect-app - collect performance data for the target application

gp-display-html - generate an HTML based directory structure to browse the profiles

gp-display-src - display the source code, optionally interleaved with the disassembly of the target object

gp-display-text - display the performance data in plain text format

gpasswd - administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow

gpg-zip - encrypt or sign files into an archive

gpgcompose - Generate a stream of OpenPGP packets

gpgsplit - Split an OpenPGP message into packets

pic - compile pictures for troff or TeX

gprof - display call graph profile data

gprofng - the driver for the gprofng tool suite

graphml2gv - GRAPHML-DOT converter

grep, egrep, fgrep - 打印匹配给定模式的行

groff - groff 文档排版系统前端

grog - guess options for a following groff command

grops - PostScript driver for groff

grotty - groff driver for typewriter-like devices

groups - 显示用户所在的组

tbl - format tables for troff

gts-config - defines values for programs using gts.

gts2dxf - converts a GTS file to DXF format.

gts2oogl - converts a GTS file to OOGL file format (Geomview).

gts2stl - converts a GTS file to STL format

gtscheck - checks that a surface defines a closed, orientable non self-intersecting manifold.

gtscompare - compare two GTS files.

gtstemplate - generates of a template used to create new object classes.

gzip, gunzip, zcat - 压缩或展开文件

gml2gv,gv2gml - GML-DOT converters

gxl2gv,gv2gxl - GXL-GV converters

gvcolor - flow colors through a ranked digraph

gvgen - generate graphs

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

gvmap - find clusters and create a geographical map highlighting clusters.

gvmap.sh - pipeline for running gvmap

gvpack - merge and pack disjoint graphs

gvpr - graph pattern scanning and processing language

gxl2gv,gv2gxl - GXL-GV converters

gzexe - compress executable files in place

gzip, gunzip, zcat - 压缩或展开文件

h2ph - convert .h C header files to .ph Perl header files

h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions

happrox - returns a simplified triangulation of a set of points using algorithm III of Garland and Heckbert (1995).

hardlink - link multiple copies of a file

hexdump - display file contents in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, or ascii

head - 输出文件的起始部分

helpztags - generate the help tags file for directory

hexdump - display file contents in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, or ascii

hman - browse the on-line manual pages

hostid - 显示当前主机的数字标识符

hostname - 显示或设置系统的主机名

hostnamectl - 控制系统的主机名

htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases

htdigest - manage user files for digest authentication

htmltree - Parse the given HTML file(s) and dump the parse tree

htpasswd - Manage user files for basic authentication

httxt2dbm - Generate dbm files for use with RewriteMap

iceauth - ICE authority file utility

iconv - 字符集转换

id - 显示真实和有效用户 ID 和组 ID

info - 阅读 Info 文档

initdb - 创建一个新的 PostgreSQL数据库集群

tex, virtex, initex - 文本格式化和排版

initlocation - 创建一个从属的 PostgreSQL数据库存储区

install-info - 更新 info/dir 项

install - 复制文件并设置属性

instmodsh - A shell to examine installed modules

intro - 用户命令的介绍

ionice - set or get process I/O scheduling class and priority

ipcclean - 从退出的PostgreSQL服务器中删除共享内存和信号灯

ipcmk - make various IPC resources

ipcrm - remove certain IPC resources

ipcs - show information on IPC facilities

ischroot - detect if running in a chroot

join - join lines of two files on a common field

journalctl - 检索 systemd 日志

json_pp - JSON::PP command utility

kbd_mode - 显示或者设置键盘模式

kbxutil - List, export, import Keybox data

kill - 终止进程

killall - 以名字方式来杀死进程

last, lastb - 显示最近登录的用户列表

lcf - Determine which of the historical versions of a config is installed

ld - GNU linker (连接器)

gold - The GNU ELF linker

ldd - 显示共享库的依赖情况

lefty - A Programmable Graphics Editor

less - opposite of more

lessecho - expand metacharacters

lessfile, lesspipe - "input preprocessor" for less.

lesskey - specify key bindings for less

lessfile, lesspipe - "input preprocessor" for less.

lexgrog - 解析 man 手册页的头部信息

libnetcfg - configure libnet

libpng16-config - get information about installed libpng library

link - 调用 link 函数创建一个文件的链接

listalias - 列出用户和系统别名

listres - list resources in widgets

ln - 在文件间建立链接

lneato - A Customizable Graph Editor

loadkeys - 调入键盘翻译表

locale - get locale-specific information

localectl - 控制系统的本地化与键盘布局

localedef - compile locale definition files

lockfile - 条件标志文件创建命令

logger - enter messages into the system log

loginctl - 控制 systemd 登录管理器

logname - 显示用户的登录名

logresolve - Resolve IP-addresses to hostnames in Apache log files

look - display lines beginning with a given string

ls - 列出目录内容

lsattr - 显示文件在Linux第二扩展文件系统上的特有属性

lscpu - display information about the CPU architecture

lsfd - list file descriptors

lsipc - show information on IPC facilities currently employed in the system

lsirq - utility to display kernel interrupt information

lslogins - display information about known users in the system

lsmem - list the ranges of available memory with their online status

lspgpot - extracts the ownertrust values from PGP keyrings and list them in GnuPG ownertrust format.

luit - Locale and ISO 2022 support for Unicode terminals

lwp-download - Fetch large files from the web

lwp-dump - See what headers and content is returned for a URL

lwp-mirror - Simple mirror utility

lwp-request - Simple command line user agent

xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files

xzcmp, xzdiff, lzcmp, lzdiff - compare compressed files

xzgrep - search compressed files for a regular expression

xzless, lzless - view xz or lzma compressed (text) files

xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files

lzmainfo - show information stored in the .lzma file header

xzmore, lzmore - view xz or lzma compressed (text) files

make-first-existing-target - runs make on one of several targets

make - GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs

make_smbcodepage - 为Samba创建代码页文件

makeinfo - 翻译 Texinfo 文档

man-recode - 将手册页转换为另一种编码

man - 系统参考手册的接口

man2html - format a manual page in html

manconv - 将手册页从一种编码转换到另一种

manpath - 确定手册页的搜索路径

mawk - pattern scanning and text processing language

mcookie - generate magic cookies for xauth

md5sum - 计算并校验 MD5 信息摘要

memusage - profile memory usage of a program

memusagestat - generate graphic from memory profiling data

mesg - 调节用户终端的写访问权

migrate-pubring-from-classic-gpg - Migrate a public keyring from "classic" to "modern" GnuPG

mimeopen - Open files by mimetype

mimetype - Determine file type

mingle - fast edge bundling

minicom - 友好易用的串口通信程序

mirror - 映射在远端节点上的档案

mkdir - 创建目录

mkfifo - 创建 FIFO（命名管道）

mknod - 创建块或者字符特殊文件

mkpasswd - 为用户产生新口令

mktemp - 创建一个临时文件或目录

mm2gv - Matrix Market-DOT converters

more - 用于屏幕阅读的文件阅览过滤器

mountpoint - see if a directory or file is a mountpoint

mpg123

msmtp - An SMTP client

mtrace - interpret the malloc trace log

mv - 移动（重命名）文件

namei - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found

gawk - pattern scanning and processing language

ncurses6-config - helper script for ncurses libraries

ncursesw6-config - helper script for ncurses libraries

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

neqn - format equations for ASCII output

networkctl - 查询网络连接的状态

newgrp - 登录到一个新组

nice - 改变执行程序的调度优先级

hostname - 显示或设置系统的主机名

nl - 给文件编行号

nm - list symbols from object files

nmblookup - 基于TCP/IP上的NetBIOS客户用于查询NetBIOS名字的程序

nohup - 使程序运行时不挂起，不向 tty 输出信息

nop - pretty-print graph file

nproc - 显示可用的处理器单元个数

nroff - 用 groff 模拟 nroff 命令

nsenter - run program in different namespaces

numfmt - Convert numbers from/to human-readable strings

objcopy - copy and translate object files

objdump - display information from object files

octave-bug - 报告 GNU Octave 中的 bug

octave-config - 检索 GNU Octave 组件和库信息

octave - 用于数值计算的高级交互式语言

od - 用八进制或其它格式表示文件

xdg-open - opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application

openssl-asn1parse - ASN.1 parsing command

openssl-ca - sample minimal CA application

openssl-ciphers - SSL cipher display and cipher list command

openssl-cmp - Certificate Management Protocol (CMP, RFC 4210) application

openssl-cms - CMS command

openssl-crl - CRL command

openssl-crl2pkcs7 - Create a PKCS#7 structure from a CRL and certificates

openssl-dgst - perform digest operations

openssl-dhparam - DH parameter manipulation and generation

openssl-dsa - DSA key processing

openssl-dsaparam - DSA parameter manipulation and generation

openssl-ec - EC key processing

openssl-ecparam - EC parameter manipulation and generation

openssl-enc - symmetric cipher routines

openssl-engine - load and query engines

openssl-errstr - lookup error codes

openssl-fipsinstall - perform FIPS configuration installation

openssl-format-options - OpenSSL command input and output format options

openssl-gendsa - generate a DSA private key from a set of parameters

openssl-genpkey - generate a private key

openssl-genrsa - generate an RSA private key

openssl-info - print OpenSSL built-in information

openssl-kdf - perform Key Derivation Function operations

openssl-list - list algorithms and features

openssl-mac - perform Message Authentication Code operations

openssl-namedisplay-options - Distinguished name display options

openssl-nseq - create or examine a Netscape certificate sequence

openssl-ocsp - Online Certificate Status Protocol command

openssl-passphrase-options - Pass phrase options

openssl-passwd - compute password hashes

openssl-pkcs12 - PKCS#12 file command

openssl-pkcs7 - PKCS#7 command

openssl-pkcs8 - PKCS#8 format private key conversion command

openssl-pkey - public or private key processing command

openssl-pkeyparam - public key algorithm parameter processing command

openssl-pkeyutl - public key algorithm command

openssl-prime - compute prime numbers

openssl-rand - generate pseudo-random bytes

openssl-rehash, c_rehash - Create symbolic links to files named by the hash values

openssl-req - PKCS#10 certificate request and certificate generating command

openssl-rsa - RSA key processing command

openssl-rsautl - RSA command

openssl-s_client - SSL/TLS client program

openssl-s_server - SSL/TLS server program

openssl-s_time - SSL/TLS performance timing program

openssl-sess_id - SSL/TLS session handling command

openssl-smime - S/MIME command

openssl-speed - test library performance

openssl-spkac - SPKAC printing and generating command

openssl-srp - maintain SRP password file

openssl-storeutl - STORE command

openssl-ts - Time Stamping Authority command

openssl-verification-options - generic X.509 certificate verification options

openssl-verify - certificate verification command

openssl-version - print OpenSSL version information

openssl-x509 - Certificate display and signing command

openssl - OpenSSL command line program

osage - filter for drawing clustered graphs

less - opposite of more

pandoc-lua

pandoc-server

pandoc - general markup converter

passwd - 更改用户密码

paste - 合并文件各行

patch - apply a diff file to an original

patchwork - filter for drawing clustered graphs as treemaps

pathchk - 检查文件名是否合法或可移植

pcre-config - program to return PCRE configuration

pcre2-config - program to return PCRE2 configuration

pdb3.11 - the Python debugger

peekfd - peek at file descriptors of running processes

perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language (实用摘录和汇报语言)

perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter

perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language (实用摘录和汇报语言)

perlbug - how to submit bug reports on Perl

perlivp - Perl Installation Verification Procedure

perlbug - how to submit bug reports on Perl

pg_config - 检索已安装版本的 PostgreSQL 的信息

pg_controldata - 显示一个 PostgreSQL 集群的控制信息

pg_ctl - 启动，停止和重启 PostgreSQL 服务器

pg_dump - 将一个PostgreSQL数据库抽出到一个脚本文件或者其它归档文件中

pg_dumpall - 抽出一个 PostgreSQL 数据库集群到脚本文件中

pg_resetxlog - 重置一个 PostgreSQL 数据库集群的预写日志以及其它控制内容

pg_restore - 从一个由 pg_dump 创建的备份文件中恢复 PostgreSQL 数据库。

pgrep, pkill, pidwait - look up, signal, or wait for processes based on name and other attributes

pgtclsh -- PostgreSQL TCLshell 客户端

pgtksh -- PostgreSQL Tcl/Tk shell 客户端

pic - compile pictures for troff or TeX

piconv --

pidproxy - Supervisor pidproxy Documentation

pgrep, pkill, pidwait - look up, signal, or wait for processes based on name and other attributes

pinentry-curses - PIN or pass-phrase entry dialog for GnuPG

pinky - 轻量级的 finger

pip

pip3

pgrep, pkill, pidwait - look up, signal, or wait for processes based on name and other attributes

pl2pm - Rough tool to translate Perl4 .pl files to Perl5 .pm modules.

pldd - display dynamic shared objects linked into a process

persistent memory gawk - persistent data and functions

pmap - report memory map of a process

pod2html - convert .pod files to .html files

pod2man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input

pod2text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

pod2usage - print usage messages from embedded pod docs in files

podchecker - check the syntax of POD format documentation files

postgres - 以单用户模式运行一个 PostgreSQL服务器

postmaster - PostgreSQL多用户数据库服务器

pr - 转换文本文件以便后续打印使用

preconv - convert encoding of input files to something GNU troff understands

printenv - 显示全部或部分环境变量

printf - 格式化并显示数据

prlimit - get and set process resource limits

prove - Run tests through a TAP harness.

prtstat - print statistics of a process

prune - Prune directed graphs

ps - report a snapshot of the current processes.

psfaddtable - 添加一个Unicode字符表到控制台字体中

psfgettable - 从控制台字体中提取出嵌入的Unicode字符表

psfstriptable - 从控制台字体中移走嵌入的Uniocde字符表

pslog - report current logs path of a process

psql - PostgreSQL 交互终端

pstree - display a tree of processes

ptar - a tar-like program written in perl

ptardiff - program that diffs an extracted archive against an unextracted one

ptargrep - Apply pattern matching to the contents of files in a tar archive

ptx - produce a permuted index of file contents

pwd - 显示出当前/活动目录的名称

pwdx - report current working directory of a process

py3clean

py3compile

py3versions

pydoc3.11 - the Python documentation tool

pygettext - Python equivalent of

pysetup3.3 - pysetup tool

python-config - output build options for python C/C++ extensions or embedding

python - an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language

python-config - output build options for python C/C++ extensions or embedding

python - an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language

quota - 显示磁盘的使用和限额

ranlib - generate an index to an archive

rbash - restricted bash, see

readelf - display information about ELF files

readlink - 输出经过解析的符号链接值或权威文件名

realpath - 输出经过解析的文件路径

rename - rename files

renice - alter priority of running processes

rev - reverse lines characterwise

grep, egrep, fgrep - 打印匹配给定模式的行

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

runcon - run command with specified security context

runuser - run a command with substitute user and group ID

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

sccmap - extract strongly connected components of directed graphs

screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation

script - make typescript of terminal session

scriptlive - re-run session typescripts, using timing information

scriptreplay - play back typescripts, using timing information

sdiff - side-by-side merge of file differences

sed - 文本筛选和格式转换的流式编辑器

select-editor - select your default sensible-editor from all installed editors

sensible-browser - sensible web browsing

sensible-editor - sensible editing

sensible-pager - sensible paging

seq - 打印数列

sessreg - manage utmpx/wtmpx entries for non-init clients

setleds - 设置键盘 led 标志

setmetamode - define the keyboard meta key handling

setpriv - run a program with different Linux privilege settings

setsid - run a program in a new session

setterm - set terminal attributes

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

sg - 以不同的组 ID 执行命令

sha1sum - 计算并校验 SHA1 信息摘要

sha224sum - 计算并校验 SHA224 信息摘要

sha256sum - 计算并校验 SHA256 信息摘要

sha384sum - 计算并校验 SHA384 信息摘要

sha512sum - 计算并校验 SHA512 信息摘要

shasum - Print or Check SHA Checksums

showfont - 展示当前"显示屏-字体映射"中的所有字符.

showkey - 检查来自键盘的扫描码和键盘码

showrgb - display an rgb color-name database

shred - overwrite a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it

shuf - 生成随机排列

size - 列出段节大小和总共大小

skill, snice - send a signal or report process status

slabtop - display kernel slab cache information in real time

sleep - 延迟指定数量的时间

smbclient - 类似FTP操作方式的访问SMB/CIFS服务器资源的客户端

smbcontrol - 向smbd或nmbd进程发送消息

smbrun - smbd和外部程序间的接口程序。

smbstatus - 报告当前 samba 的联接状态

smbtar - 直接备份SMB/CIFS共享资源到UNIX磁带设备的shell脚本

skill, snice - send a signal or report process status

soelim - interpret .so requests in groff input

sort - 对文本文件的行排序

sotruss - trace shared library calls through PLT

diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

split - 分割文件

sprof - read and display shared object profiling data

sq, unsq - 压缩或解压缩一个已排序的单词列表

stat - 打印信息节点(inode)内容

stdbuf - 运行给定的命令，同时改变该命令对应标准输入输出流的缓冲操作配置。

stl2gts - convert an STL file to GTS format.

streamzip - create a zip file from stdin

strings - 显示文件中的可打印字符

strip - discard symbols and other data from object files

stty - 更改并输出终端行设置

su - run a command with substitute user and group ID

subst - 替换文件中的定义

sum - 求校验和并统计文件块数目

supervisor - Supervisor Documentation

supervisorctl - supervisorctl Documentation

supervisord - supervisord Documentation

svn - Subversion 命令行客户端工具

svnadmin - Subversion 仓库管理工具

svndumpfilter - 过滤一个 Subversion 仓库的转储文件 `dumpfile'。

svnlook - Subversion 仓库检索工具

svnmucc - Multiple URL Command Client for Subversion

svnrdump - Subversion remote repository dumper and loader

svnsync - Subversion repository synchronization tool

svnversion - 为工作代码产生一个紧缩的 (compat) 版本号。

sync - 将缓存内容同步写入持久性存储中

systemctl - 控制 systemd 系统与服务管理器

systemd-ask-password - 向用户索要密码

systemd-cat - 通向系统日志的管道

systemd-cgls - 递归显示 cgroup 的内容

systemd-delta - 查找覆盖配置文件

systemd-detect-virt - 检测虚拟化环境

systemd-escape - 转义与还原单元名称中的特殊字符

systemd-firstboot, systemd-firstboot.service - 初始化基本系统设置

systemd-inhibit - 执行一个程序并阻止或延迟系统休眠或关机

systemd-machine-id-setup - 初始化 /etc/machine-id 文件

systemd-notify - 向 systemd 报告服务状态的变化

systemd-path - 列出各种系统路径与用户路径

systemd-resolve - 解析主机名、IP地址、域名、DNS资源记录、服务

systemd-socket-activate - 测试基于套接字启动的守护进程

systemd-tty-ask-password-agent - 列出或处理当前正在等待中的系统密码请求

systemd, init - systemd 系统与服务管理器

tac - 连接文件并逆序输出

tail - 输出文件的末尾部分

tar

tarcat - concatenates the pieces of a GNU tar multi-volume archive

taskset - set or retrieve a process's CPU affinity

tbl - format tables for troff

tclsh - 包含 Tcl 解释器的简单的 shell

tee - 从标准输入读入并写往标准输出和文件

tempfile - create a temporary file in a safe manner

test - 检查文件类型并比较值

testparm - 检查smb.conf配置文件的内部正确性

testprns

tex, virtex, initex - 文本格式化和排版

texi2dvi - 打印 Texinfo 文档

texindex - 对 Texinfo 索引文件排序

timedatectl - 控制系统的时间与日期

timeout - 在规定时限内运行一个命令

tload - graphic representation of system load average

top - display Linux processes

touch - 改变文件时间戳

tr - translate or delete characters

transform - apply geometric transformations to the input.

tred - transitive reduction filter for directed graphs

troff - groff 文档排版系统的 troff 处理器

true - （成功地）什么都不做

truncate - 缩减或扩展文件尺寸至指定大小

tsget - Time Stamping HTTP/HTTPS client

tsort - 进行拓扑排序

tty - 显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备的文件名

dot - filter for drawing directed graphs

tzselect - view timezones

ucf - Update Configuration File: preserve user changes in configuration files

ucfq - query the ucf database

ucfr - Update Configuration File Registry: associate packages with configuration files

uclampset - manipulate the utilization clamping attributes of the system or a process

ul - do underlining

uname - 输出系统信息

gzip, gunzip, zcat - 压缩或展开文件

unexpand - 将空格转换为制表符

unflatten - adjust directed graphs to improve layout aspect ratio

unicode_start - 将键盘和控制台设为 unicode 模式

unicode_stop - 将键盘和控制台从 unicode 模式回退

uniq - 报告或省略重复行

unlink - 调用 unlink 函数删除指定文件

xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files

unshare - run program in new namespaces

sq, unsq - 压缩或解压缩一个已排序的单词列表

xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files

unzip - list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

unzipsfx - self-extracting stub for prepending to ZIP archives

update-alternatives - maintain symbolic links determining default commands

update-mime-database - a program to build the Shared MIME-Info database cache

uptime - 告知系统运行了多久时间.

users - 显示登录在当前主机上的用户名称

usleep - 睡眠若干微秒

utmpdump - dump UTMP and WTMP files in raw format

uuencode - 对二进制文件编码

vacuumdb - 收集垃圾并且分析一个PostgreSQL 数据库

vdir - list directory contents

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

viewres - graphical class browser for Xt

vim - Vi IMproved, 一个程序员的文本编辑器

vimdiff - edit between two and eight versions of a file with Vim and show differences

vimdot - Combined text editor and dot viewer

vimtutor - Vim 教程

tex, virtex, initex - 文本格式化和排版

w - 显示已登录用户以及他们正在干什么。

wall -- 向所有人发送消息

watch - execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen

wbinfo - 向winbind服务查询信息

wc - 输出文件中的行数、单词数、字节数

Wget - The non-interactive network downloader.

whatis - 显示在线手册页说明

whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command

which - locate a command

who - 显示已登录用户

whoami - 显示有效用户名

wish - 简单的窗口式(windowing) shell

write - send a message to another user

zutty - Efficient full-featured X11 terminal emulator

addr2line - convert addresses or symbol+offset into file names and line numbers

ar - 建立，修改档案或从档案中抽取成员。

AS - the portable GNU assembler.

c++filt - demangle C++ and Java symbols

dwp - The DWARF packaging utility

elfedit - update ELF header and program property of ELF files

gcc-ar - a wrapper around ar adding the --plugin option

gcc-nm - a wrapper around nm adding the --plugin option

gcc-ranlib - a wrapper around ranlib adding the --plugin option

gold - The GNU ELF linker

gp-archive - archive gprofng experiment data

gp-collect-app - collect performance data for the target application

gp-display-html - generate an HTML based directory structure to browse the profiles

gp-display-src - display the source code, optionally interleaved with the disassembly of the target object

gp-display-text - display the performance data in plain text format

gprof - display call graph profile data

gprofng - the driver for the gprofng tool suite

ld - GNU linker (连接器)

gold - The GNU ELF linker

nm - list symbols from object files

objcopy - copy and translate object files

objdump - display information from object files

python-config - output build options for python C/C++ extensions or embedding

ranlib - generate an index to an archive

readelf - display information about ELF files

size - 列出段节大小和总共大小

strings - 显示文件中的可打印字符

strip - discard symbols and other data from object files

xargs - 从标准输入重建并执行命令行

xauth - X authority file utility

xcmsdb - Device Color Characterization utility for X Color Management System

xdg-desktop-icon - command line tool for (un)installing icons to the desktop

xdg-desktop-menu - command line tool for (un)installing desktop menu items

xdg-email - command line tool for sending mail using the user's preferred e-mail composer

xdg-icon-resource - command line tool for (un)installing icon resources

xdg-mime - command line tool for querying information about file type handling and adding descriptions for new file types

xdg-open - opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application

xdg-screensaver - command line tool for controlling the screensaver

xdg-settings - get various settings from the desktop environment

xdg-user-dir - Find an XDG user dir

xdg-user-dirs-update - Update XDG user dir configuration

xdpyinfo - display information utility for X

xdriinfo - query configuration information of DRI drivers

xev - print contents of X events

xfd - display all the characters in an X font

xfontsel - point and click selection of X11 font names

xgamma - Alter a monitor's gamma correction through the X server

xhost - server access control program for X

xkill - kill a client by its X resource

xlsatoms - list interned atoms defined on server

xlsclients - list client applications running on a display

xlsfonts - server font list displayer for X

xmessage - display a message or query in a window (X-based /bin/echo)

xmodmap - 在 X 环境中调节键盘映射和鼠标键映射

xpdf -Portable Document Format(PDF)文件阅读器(版本0.90)

xprop - property displayer for X

xrandr - primitive command line interface to RandR extension

xrdb - X server resource database utility

xrefresh - refresh all or part of an X screen

xset - user preference utility for X

xsetmode - set the mode for an X Input device

xsetpointer - set an X Input device as the main pointer

xsetroot - root window parameter setting utility for X

xstdcmap - X standard colormap utility

xsubpp - compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code

xvidtune - video mode tuner for Xorg

xvinfo - Print out X-Video extension adaptor information

xwininfo - window information utility for X

xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files

xzcmp, xzdiff, lzcmp, lzdiff - compare compressed files

xzgrep - search compressed files for a regular expression

xzless, lzless - view xz or lzma compressed (text) files

xzmore, lzmore - view xz or lzma compressed (text) files

yes - 不断输出一个字符串，直到被杀死为止

yppasswd, ypchfn, ypchsh - 修改你在NIS数据库中的密码

hostname - 显示或设置系统的主机名

yppasswd, ypchfn, ypchsh - 修改你在NIS数据库中的密码

gzip, gunzip, zcat - 压缩或展开文件

zcmp, zdiff - compare compressed files

zgrep - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression

zforce - force a '.gz' extension on all gzip files

zgrep - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression

zip - package and compress (archive) files

zipcloak - encrypt entries in a zipfile

zipdetails - display the internal structure of zip files

zipgrep - search files in a ZIP archive for lines matching a pattern

zipinfo - 列出关于某个ZIP压缩包的详细信息

zipnote - write the comments in zipfile to stdout, edit comments and rename files in zipfile

zipsplit - split a zipfile into smaller zipfiles

zless - 用于在显示器上阅读被压缩的文本文件的过滤器

zmore - file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text

znew - recompress .Z files to .gz files

zsoelim - 满足 roff 输入中的 .so 请求

zutty - Efficient full-featured X11 terminal emulator

Linux手册页 第1节

Linux手册页第1节